Oreilly.Learning.CFEngine.3.Mar.2012.pdf

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Learning CFEngine 3
Diego Zamboni
Beijing
Cambridge
Farnham
Köln
Sebastopol
Tokyo
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Learning CFEngine 3
by Diego Zamboni
Copyright © 2012 Diego Zamboni. All rights reserved.
Printed in the United States of America.
Published by O’Reilly Media, Inc., 1005 Gravenstein Highway North, Sebastopol, CA 95472.
O’Reilly books may be purchased for educational, business, or sales promotional use. Online editions
are also available for most titles ( http://my.safaribooksonline.com ) . For more information, contact our
corporate/institutional sales department: (800) 998-9938 or corporate@oreilly.com .
Editors: Andy Oram and Mike Hendrickson
Production Editor: Dan Fauxsmith
Proofreader: O’Reilly Production Services
Cover Designer: Karen Montgomery
Interior Designer: David Futato
Illustrator: Robert Romano
Revision History for the First Edition:
2012-03-16 First release
Nutshell Handbook, the Nutshell Handbook logo, and the O’Reilly logo are registered trademarks of
O’Reilly Media, Inc. Learning CFEngine 3 and related trade dress are trademarks of O’Reilly Media, Inc.
Many of the designations used by manufacturers and sellers to distinguish their products are claimed as
trademarks. Where those designations appear in this book, and O’Reilly Media, Inc. was aware of a
trademark claim, the designations have been printed in caps or initial caps.
While every precaution has been taken in the preparation of this book, the publisher and authors assume
no responsibility for errors or omissions, or for damages resulting from the use of the information con-
tained herein.
ISBN: 978-1-449-31220-6
[LSI]
1331902354
Table of Contents
Foreword . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii
Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xi
1.
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
How to Achieve Automation
3
Home-Grown Scripts
3
Specialized Tools for Automation
4
Why CFEngine?
6
A Brief History of CFEngine
7
Versions of CFEngine
8
2.
Getting Started with CFEngine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Installing CFEngine
11
Installing the Community Edition from Source
12
Installing the Community Edition from Binary Packages
15
Installing the Commercial Edition
15
Finishing the Installation and Bootstrapping
16
Auxiliary Files
18
Your First CFEngine Policy
18
3.
CFEngine Basics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Basic Principles
23
Desired-State Configuration
23
Basic CFEngine Operations
24
Promise Theory
25
Convergent Configuration
27
CFEngine Components
27
A First Example
30
CFEngine Policy Structure
32
Data Types and Variables in CFEngine
33
iii
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