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Texas Instruments Incorporated
Power Management
LDO white-LED driver TPS7510x provides
incredibly small solution size
By William Hadden (Email: willhadden@ti.com)
Applications Engineer, High Performance Analog, Low Power dc/dc
Introduction
Use of white-LED drivers has increased in
recent years due to the popularity of color
LCD screens on most portable electronic
equipment. The white backlight required to
bring out the color in these screens is most
often provided by white LEDs. In applica-
tions powered by a one-cell Li-ion battery,
charge pumps or boost converters have been
required to drive these LEDs because of
their high forward voltage (4 V typical). As
white-LED technology has advanced, the
forward voltage required has significantly
dropped. Today, white LEDs such as Nichia’s
NHSW046 or NSSW100C are available with
a typical forward voltage of less than 3 V.
The lower forward voltage eliminates the
need for voltage boosting, permitting the
use of linear regulation topologies that
reduce costs and solution size and increase
efficiency across the battery-discharge range. Figure 1
compares the efficiency and battery voltage of the Texas
Instruments TPS7510x and a typical series LED boost
converter.
TPS7510x family
The TPS7510x low-dropout (LDO) matching LED current
source is a highly integrated white-LED driver optimized
for low-power keypad and navigation pad LED backlight-
ing applications. The device provides a constant, matched
current for up to four unmatched LEDs organized into two
banks of two LEDs, each in a common-cathode topology.
Inputting a PWM signal on each EN pin allows brightness to
be varied from off to full brightness. Each bank has inde-
pendent enable control, but all four channels are concur-
rently current-matched. The input supply range is ideally
suited to single-cell Li-ion battery supplies and provides up
to 25 mA of current per LED over the entire input range.
The typical 70-mV dropout voltage allows the circuit to
drive the white LEDs from a standard one-cell Li-ion
battery. No internal switching signals are used, eliminating
troublesome EMI. The TPS7510x is offered in an ultra-
small 9-ball, 0.4-mm ball-pitch wafer chip scale package
Figure 1. Efficiency versus battery voltage of TPS7510x
and typical LED boost converter
100.0
TPS7510x
90.0
80.0
70.0
Typical LED Boost Converter
60.0
50.0
40.0
30.0
20.0
10.0
0.0
3
3.2
3.4
3.6
3.8
4
4.2
4.4
Input Voltage (V)
Figure 2. TPS75105 LDO white-LED driver
V BATT
TPS7510x
VIN
D1A
V ENA
D2A
ENA
V ENB
D1B
ENB
ISET
GND
D2B
(WCSP) and a 3 × 3-mm QFN package. The package size
coupled with the high integration yields a very small solu-
tion footprint. Figure 2 shows the typical operating circuit
for the TPS7510x.
9
Analog Applications Journal
1Q 2007
High-Performance Analog Products
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Power Management
Texas Instruments Incorporated
The output of each LED is regulated independently, and
all of the outputs are typically within 2% of each other. The
ISET input allows the user to program any LED current up
to 25 mA. If ISET is unconnected, the TPS7510x uses the
factory default current setting. The default current settings
available in the general catalog are 3 mA (TPS75103) and
5 mA (TPS75105). Default settings are available between
1 and 10 mA in 1-mA increments but may require mini-
mum order quantities.
The TPS7510x does not require input or output capaci-
tors for stability. If the default current setting is used, no
external parts other than the LEDs are required. This
results in a solution size of less than 1.5 mm 2 . A photo-
graph of the EVM layout, including pads for the optional
set resistor and input capacitor, is shown in Figure 3. The
solution size for this layout with the extra components is
still only 25 mm 2 .
Conclusion
Historically, charge pumps or inductor boost converters
have been used to drive white LEDs in most backlighting
applications. As the LED technology has improved, forward
voltages have dropped. In many low-power applications,
the LED forward voltage is less than 3 V. In these applica-
tions, the TPS7510x LDO white-LED driver IC provides an
excellent solution. The LDO topology eliminates EMI and,
with no required external components and the ultrasmall
WCSP or QFN package, the total solution size is drastically
reduced to just 1.5 mm 2 or 9 mm 2 , respectively.
Related Web sites
power.ti.com
Figure 3. EVM solution layout (25 mm 2 )
10
Analog Applications Journal
High-Performance Analog Products
1Q 2007
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SLYT260
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