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®
TOP242-250
TOPSwitch
-GX Family
Extended Power, Design Flexible,
EcoSmart,
Integrated
Off-line Switcher
®
®
Product Highlights
+
Lower System Cost, High Design Flexibility
• Extended power range to 290 W
• Features eliminate or reduce cost of external components
• Fully integrated soft-start for minimum stress/overshoot
• Externally programmable accurate current limit
•Wider duty cycle for more power, smaller input capacitor
•
AC
IN
DC
OU
T
-
D
L
CONTROL
Separate line sense and current limit pins on Y/R/F packages
C
TOPSwitch-GX
•
Line under-voltage (UV) detection: no turn off glitches
•
Line overvoltage (OV) shutdown extends line surge limit
S
X
F
•
Line feed forward with maximum duty cycle (DC
MAX
)
reduction rejects line ripple and limits DC
MAX
at high line
PI-2632-060200
•
Frequency jittering reduces EMI and EMI filtering costs
•
Regulates to zero load without dummy loading
Figure 1. Typical Flyback Application.
•
132 kHz frequency reduces transformer/power supply size
•
Half frequency option in Y/R/F packages for video applications
OUTPUT POWER TABLE
•
Hysteretic thermal shutdown for automatic fault recovery
230 VAC
±
15%
4
85-265 VAC
•
Large thermal hysteresis prevents PC board overheating
PRODUCT
3
Open
Frame
2
Open
Frame
2
Adapter
1
Adapter
1
EcoSmart - Energy Efficient
•
TOP242 P or G
TOP242 R
TOP242 Y or F
TOP243 P or G
TOP243 R
TOP243 Y or F
TOP244 P or G
TOP244 R
TOP244 Y or F
TOP245 R
TOP245 Y or F
TOP246 R
TOP246 Y or F
TOP247 R
TOP247 Y or F
TOP248 R
TOP248 Y or F
TOP249 R
TOP249 Y or F
TOP250 R
TOP250 Y or F
9 W
15 W
6.5 W
10 W
Extremely low consumption in remote off mode
(80 mW @ 110 VAC, 160 mW @ 230 VAC)
21 W
22 W
11 W
14 W
10 W
22 W
7 W
14 W
•
Frequency lowered with load for high standby efficiency
•
Allows shutdown/wake-up via LAN/input port
13 W
25 W
9 W
15 W
29 W
45 W
17 W
23 W
Description
TOPSwitch-GX
uses the same proven topology as
TOPSwitch
,
cost effectively integrating the high voltage power MOSFET,
PWM control, fault protection and other control circuitry onto a
single CMOS chip. Many
new functions are integrated to re-
duce system cost and improve design flexibility, performance
and energy efficiency.
20 W
45 W
15 W
30 W
16 W
30 W
11 W
20 W
34 W
50 W
20 W
28 W
30 W
65 W
20 W
45 W
37 W
57 W
23 W
33 W
40 W
85 W
26 W
60 W
40 W
64 W
26 W
38 W
60 W
125 W
40 W
90 W
Depending on package type, the
TOPSwitch-GX
family has
either 1 or 3 additional pins over the standard DRAIN, SOURCE
and CONTROL terminals allowing the following functions: line
sensing (OV/UV, line feedforward/DC max reduction), accu-
rate externally set current limit, remote on/off, and synchroni-
zation to an external lower frequency and frequency selection
(132 kHz/66 kHz).
42 W
70 W
28 W
43 W
85 W
165 W
55 W
125 W
43 W
75 W
30 W
48 W
105 W
205 W
70 W
155 W
44 W
79 W
31 W
53 W
120 W
250 W
80 W
180 W
45 W
82 W
32 W
55 W
All package types provide the following transparent features:
Soft-start, 132 kHz switching frequency (automatically reduced
at light load), frequency jittering for lower EMI, wider DC
MAX
,
hysteretic thermal shutdown and larger creepage packages. In
addition, all critical parameters (i.e. current limit, frequency,
PWM gain) have tighter temperature and absolute tolerance, to
simplify design and optimize system cost.
135 W
290 W
90 W
210 W
Table 1.
Notes:
1.
Typical continuous power in a non-ventilated
enclosed adapter measured at 50 °C ambient.
2.
Maximum practical
continuous power in an open frame design at 50 °C ambient. See
Key Applications for detailed conditions.
3.
See Part Ordering
Information.
4.
230 VAC or 100/115 VAC with doubler.
September 2002
TOP242-250
Section List
Functional Block Diagram
......................................................................................................................................... 3
Pin Functional Description
........................................................................................................................................ 4
TOPSwitch-GX Family Functional Description
........................................................................................................ 5
CONTROL (C) Pin Operation ................................................................................................................................. 6
Oscillator and Switching Frequency ....................................................................................................................... 6
Pulse Width Modulator and Maximum Duty Cycle ................................................................................................. 7
Light Load Frequency Reduction ............................................................................................................................ 7
Error Amplifier ......................................................................................................................................................... 7
On-chip Current Limit with External Programmability ............................................................................................. 7
Line Under-Voltage Detection (UV) ........................................................................................................................ 8
Line Overvoltage Shutdown (OV) ........................................................................................................................... 8
Line Feed Forward with DC
MAX
Reduction .............................................................................................................. 8
Remote ON/OFF and Synchronization ................................................................................................................... 9
Soft-Start ................................................................................................................................................................ 9
Shutdown/Auto-Restart .......................................................................................................................................... 9
Hysteretic Over-Temperature Protection ................................................................................................................ 9
Bandgap Reference ................................................................................................................................................ 9
High-Voltage Bias Current Source ........................................................................................................................ 10
Using Feature Pins
.................................................................................................................................................... 11
FREQUENCY (F) Pin Operation ........................................................................................................................... 11
LINE-SENSE (L) Pin Operation ............................................................................................................................ 11
EXTERNAL CURRENT LIMIT (X) Pin Operation ................................................................................................. 11
MULTI-FUNCTION (M) Pin Operation .................................................................................................................. 12
Typical Uses of FREQUENCY (F) Pin
...................................................................................................................... 15
Typical Uses of LINE-SENSE (L) and EXTERNAL CURRENT LIMIT (X) Pins
....................................................... 16
Typical Uses of MULTI-FUNCTION (M) Pin
............................................................................................................. 19
Application Examples
............................................................................................................................................... 21
A High Efficiency, 30 W, Universal Input Power Supply ........................................................................................ 21
A High Efficiency, Enclosed, 70 W, Universal Adapter Supply .............................................................................. 22
A High Efficiency, 250 W, 250 - 380 VDC Input Power Supply ............................................................................. 23
Multiple Output, 60 W, 185 - 265 VAC Input Power Supply .................................................................................. 24
Processor Controlled Supply Turn On/Off ............................................................................................................ 25
Key Application Considerations
.............................................................................................................................. 27
TOPSwitch-II vs. TOPSwitch-GX..........................................................................................................................27
TOPSwitch-FX vs. TOPSwitch-GX.......................................................................................................................28
TOPSwitch-GX Design Considerations ................................................................................................................ 29
TOPSwitch-GX Layout Considerations ................................................................................................................. 31
Quick Design Checklist ......................................................................................................................................... 31
Design Tools ......................................................................................................................................................... 33
Product Specifications and Test Conditions
.......................................................................................................... 34
Typical Performance Characteristics
...................................................................................................................... 41
Part Ordering Information
........................................................................................................................................ 45
Package Outlines
...................................................................................................................................................... 45
General Information & Table of Contents
Product Selector Guide 1
Data Sheets 2
Application Notes 3
Design Ideas 4
Design Tools 5
Quality and Reliability 6
Package Information 7
DPA-Switch DC-DC Seminar 8
LinkSwitch & TinySwitch-II AC-DC Seminar 9
TOPSwitch-GX AC-DC Seminar 10
Sales Representatives and Distributors 11
2
H
9/02
TOP242-250
V
C
0
CONTROL (C)
DRAIN (D)
Z
C
INTERNAL
SUPPLY
1
SHUNT REGULATOR/
ERROR AMPLIFIER
+
-
SOFT START
5.8 V
4.8 V
5.8 V
INTERNAL UV
COMPARATOR
I
FB
V
I (LIMIT)
CURRENT
LIMIT
ADJUST
SOFT
START
÷
8
ON/OFF
V
BG
+ V
T
SHUTDOWN/
AUTO-RESTART
CURRENT LIMIT
COMPARATOR
EXTERNAL
CURRENT LIMIT (X)
HYSTE
R
ETIC
THERMAL
SHUTDOWN
STOP LOGIC
LINE-SENSE (L)
1 V
CONTROLLED
TURN-ON
GATE DRIVER
V
BG
STOP
SOFT-
START
OV/UV
L
INE
SENSE
D
MAX
DC
MAX
DC
MAX
CLOCK
S
Q
HALF
FREQ.
SAW
-
+
LEADING
EDGE
BLANKING
R
FREQUENCY (F)
OSCILLATOR WITH JITTER
PWM
COMPARATOR
LIGHT LOAD
FREQUENCY
REDUCTION
R
E
SOURCE (S)
PI-2639-060600
PI-2639-060600
Figure 2a. Functional Block Diagram (Y, R or F Package).
V
C
0
CONTROL (C)
DRAIN (D)
Z
C
INTERNAL
SUPPLY
1
SHUNT REGULATOR/
ERROR AMPLIFIER
+
-
SOFT START
5.8 V
4.8 V
5.8 V
INTERNAL UV
COMPARATOR
I
FB
V
I (LIMIT)
CURRENT
LIMIT
ADJUST
SOFT
ST
ART
÷
8
ON/OFF
SHUTDOWN/
AUTO-RESTART
CURRENT LIMIT
COMPARATOR
V
BG
+ V
T
STOP LOGIC
HYSTE
R
ETIC
THERMAL
SHUTDOWN
MULTI-
FUNCTION (M)
V
BG
CONTROLLED
TURN-ON
GATE DRIVER
STOP
SOFT-
START
OV/UV
LINE
SENSE
D
MAX
DC
MAX
DC
MAX
CLOCK
S
Q
SAW
-
+
LEADING
EDGE
BLANKING
R
OSCILLATOR WITH JITTER
PWM
COMPARATOR
LIGHT LOAD
FREQUENCY
REDUCTION
R
E
SOURCE (S)
PI-2631-061200
PI-2641-061200
Figure 2b. Functional Block Diagram (P or G Package).
3
H
9/02
TOP242-250
FREQUENCY (F) Pin:
(Y, R or F package only)
Input pin for selecting switching frequency: 132 kHz if
connected to SOURCE pin and 66 kHz if connected to
CONTROL pin. The switching frequency is internally set for
fixed 132 kHz operation in P and G packages.
Pin Functional Description
DRAIN (D) Pin:
High voltage power MOSFET drain output. The internal
start-up bias current is drawn from this pin through a switched
high-voltage current source. Internal current limit sense point
for drain current.
SOURCE (S) Pin:
Output MOSFET source connection for high voltage power
return. Primary side control circuit common and reference point.
CONTROL (C) Pin:
Error amplifier and feedback current input pin for duty cycle
control. Internal shunt regulator connection to provide inter-
nal bias current during normal operation. It is also used as the
connection point for the supply bypass and auto-restart/
compensation capacitor.
V
UV
= I
UV
x R
LS
V
OV
=
I
OV
x
R
LS
For R
LS
=
2
M
+
Ω
R
LS
2 M
Ω
V
UV
= 100 VDC
V
OV
= 450 VDC
DC
Input
Voltage
DC
MAX
@100 VDC = 78%
DC
MAX
@375 VDC = 38%
D
L
LINE-SENSE (L) Pin:
(Y, R or F package only)
Input pin for OV, UV, line feed forward with DC
MAX
reduction,
remote ON/OFF and synchronization. A connection to
SOURCE pin disables all functions on this pin.
General Information &
Table
of Contents
CONTROL
C
F
or R
IL
= 12 k
Ω
Product Selector Guide 1
I
LIMIT
= 69%
See fig. 55 for other
resistor values (R
IL
)
to select different I
LIMIT
values
S
X
R
IL
EXTERNAL CURRENT LIMIT (X) Pin:
(Y, R or F
package only)
Input pin for external current limit adjustment, remote
ON/OFF, and synchronization. A connection to SOURCE pin
disables all functions on this pin.
12 k
-
Ω
Data Sheets 2
PI-2629-040501
Figure 4. Y/R/F Package Line Sense and Externally Set Current
Limit.
Applicat
ion Notes 3
MULTI-FUNCTION (M) Pin:
(P or G package only)
This pin combines the functions of the LINE-SENSE (L) and
EXTERNAL CURRENT LIMIT (X) pins of the Y package
into one pin. Input pin for OV, UV, line feed forward with
DC
MAX
reduction, external current limit adjustment, remote
ON/OFF and synchronization. A connection to SOURCE pin
disables all functions on this pin and makes
TOPSwitch-GX
operate in simple three terminal mode (like
TOPSwitch-II
).
+
Design Ideas 4
V
UV
= I
UV
x R
LS
V
OV
=
I
OV
x
R
LS
For R
LS
= 2 M
Ω
V
UV
= 100 VDC
V
OV
=
450 VDC
R
LS
2 M
Ω
Design Tools 5
DC
Input
Voltage
DC
MAX
@100 VDC = 78%
DC
MAX
@375 VDC = 38%
Quality and Reliability 6
D
M
CONTROL
C
Package Information 7
S
-
Y Package (TO-220-7C)
PI-2509-040501
Tab Internally
Connected to
SOURCE Pin
7 D
DPA-Switch DC-DC Seminar 8
Figure 5. P/G Package Line Sense.
5 F
4 S
3 X
2 L
+
1 C
LinkSwitch & TinySwitch-II AC-DC Seminar 9
For R
IL
= 12 k
I
LIMIT
= 69%
Ω
R Package (TO-263-7C)
F Package (TO-262-7C)
For R
IL
= 25 k
I
LIMIT
= 43%
Ω
P Package (DIP-8B)
G Package (SMD-8B)
TOPSwitch-GX AC-DC Seminar 10
DC
Input
Voltage
See fig. 55 for other
resistor values (R
IL
)
M
1
S
8
Sales Representatives and Distributors 11
to select different
I
LIMIT
values
D
M
S
2
7
S
CONTROL
R
IL
C
S
3
S
C
-
4
5
D
1234 5
7
PI-2517-040501
CLXS F
D
PI-2724-010802
Figure 3. Pin Configuration (top view).
Figure 6. P/G Package Externally Set Current Limit.
4
H
9/02
TOP242-250
TOPSwitch-GX Family Functional Description
Like
TOPSwitch
,
TOPSwitch-GX
is an integrated switched
mode power supply chip that converts a current at the control
input to a duty cycle at the open drain output of a high voltage
power MOSFET. During normal operation the duty cycle of
the power MOSFET decreases linearly with increasing
CONTROL pin current as shown in Figure 7.
Auto-restart
I
CD1
I
B
I
L
= 125
µ
A
132
I
L
< I
L(DC)
I
L
= 190
µ
A
In addition to the three terminal
TOPSwitch
features, such as
the high voltage start-up, the cycle-by-cycle current limiting,
loop compensation circuitry, auto-restart, thermal shutdown,
the
TOPSwitch-GX
incorporates many additional functions that
reduce system cost, increase power supply performance and
design flexibility. A patented high voltage CMOS technology
allows both the high voltage power MOSFET and all the low
voltage control circuitry to be cost effectively integrated onto
a single monolithic chip.
30
I
C
(mA)
Auto-restart
I
CD1
I
B
Three terminals, FREQUENCY, LINE-SENSE, and EXTER-
NAL CURRENT LIMIT (available in Y, R or F package) or
one terminal MULTI-FUNCTION (available in P or G
Package) have been added to implement some of the new
functions. These terminals can be connected to the SOURCE
pin to operate the
TOPSwitch-GX
in a
TOPSwitch
-like three
terminal mode. However, even in this three terminal mode, the
TOPSwitch-GX
offers many new transparent features that do
not require any external components:
78
Slope = PWM Gain
I
L
= 125
µ
A
38
I
L
< I
L(DC)
I
L
= 190
µ
A
10
TOP242-5 1.6 2.0
TOP246-9 2.2 2.6
TOP250 2.4 2.7
5.2 6.0
5.8 6.6
6.5 7.3
1. A fully integrated 10 ms soft-start limits peak currents and
voltages during start-up and dramatically reduces or
eliminates output overshoot in most applications.
2. DC
MAX
of 78% allows smaller input storage capacitor, lower
input voltage requirement and/or higher power capability.
3. Frequency reduction at light loads lowers the switching
losses and maintains good cross regulation in multiple
output supplies.
4. Higher switching frequency of 132 kHz reduces the
transformer size with no noticeable impact on EMI.
5. Frequency jittering reduces EMI.
6. Hysteretic over-temperature shutdown ensures automatic
recovery from thermal fault. Large hysteresis prevents circuit
board overheating.
7. Packages with omitted pins and lead forming provide large
drain creepage distance.
8. Tighter absolute tolerances and smaller temperature vari-
ations on switching frequency, current limit and PWM gain.
I
C
(mA)
Note: For P and G packages I
L
is replaced with I
M
.
PI-2633-011502
Figure 7. Relationship of Duty Cycle and Frequency to CONTROL
Pin Current.
The pin can also be used as a remote ON/OFF and a
synchronization input.
The EXTERNAL CURRENT LIMIT (X) pin is usually used to
reduce the current limit externally to a value close to the operat-
ing peak current, by connecting the pin to SOURCE through a
resistor. This pin can also be used as a remote ON/OFF and a
synchronization input in both modes. See Table 2 and Figure 11.
For the P or G packages the LINE-SENSE and EXTERNAL
CURRENT LIMIT pin functions are combined on one MULTI-
FUNCTION (M) pin. However, some of the functions become
mutually exclusive as shown in Table 3.
The LINE-SENSE (L) pin is usually used for line sensing by
connecting a resistor from this pin to the rectified DC high
voltage bus to implement line overvoltage (OV), under-voltage
(UV) and line feed forward with DC
MAX
reduction. In this
mode, the value of the resistor determines the OV/UV thresholds
and the DC
MAX
is reduced linearly starting from a line voltage
above the under-voltage threshold. See Table 2 and Figure 11.
The FREQUENCY (F) pin in the Y, R or F package sets the
switching frequency to the default value of 132 kHz when
connected to SOURCE pin. A half frequency option of 66 kHz
can be chosen by connecting this pin to CONTROL pin
instead. Leaving this pin open is not recommended.
5
H
9/02
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mario77.1977
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